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Persistent Corpus Luteum of Cattles

by aliraza

Definition of persistent corpus luteum (CL persistent)

Luteolysis occurs around day 17 of physiological oestrus in the cow. Luteolysis is triggered by the secretion of prostaglandin F2a to ensure initiation of a new oestrus cycle and ovulation. Corpus luteum that persists on the ovary beyond day 20 is considered persistent.

Clinical signs

Cows with persistent corpus luteum are not observed in heat and can be mistakenly considered as pregnant.
The presence of active luteal tissue on the ovary leads to the anovulatory state where growing follicles of consecutive waves proceed to dominance but fail to ovulate. This is due to the negative feedback of progesterone on LH release.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis of persistency of luteal tissue in cattle is not yet completely known. The direct underlying cause is undoubtedly inadequate secretion of luteolytic factor – PGF2α.
The following conditions have been associated with prolonged luteal function:

  • uterine infections, including pyometra
  • high milk production especially in early post partum period
  • prolonged treatment with drugs interfering with prostaglandin pathways (NSAIDs, glucocorticoids)

Treatment of persistent CL

Treatment of CL persistent is relatively simple. Luteolytic doses of PGF2α are administered. This can be combined with a dose of GnRh analogue approximately 48-56h later to stimulate ovulation.

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Information on Reproduction and Mating in the Pigeon

by aliraza

The pigeon starts mating from January at the age of 5 – 7 months. Each male or female partner chooses or gathers the breeder, and closes them until they are formed. The female leaves after a week of egg-laying followed by another egg after 48 hours. And hatching is bare from feathers and needs special feeding from the mother and father. This food contains the mixture of mashed food in the parents’ hatch. Hatching needs to be incubated and warmed in the first week, 6 weeks, when the growth of the feathers is complete and depends on itself and marketed in this age.
The mother starts laying eggs again after her babies have been ejaculated 30 to 40 days in winter and fall, and 20-30 days in the summer and spring.
(In the case of parental neglect of the spouses weaken and die.
 When they are 10 to 15 days old, “on mashed grains or small grains,” and can be given a piece of bread and warm milk), provides the crushed chicken thin grain for easy to pick up, and after a short period fed on the normal food of the bath.
In order to increase fertility in the bathroom, non-mating is observed at a age of less than one year for adults, until strong eggs are produced, as are sisters. Mating is preferred among different mothers.
It is necessary to make records of the bath and produce until the process of breeding and mating and exclusion of non-productive individuals.
Single individuals in the bathroom are in opposition to the cohabiting couples, and are responsible for hatching and raising the young. Therefore, such birds should be kept alone. The habit is also resisted between male and female couples.